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Frued-defense Mechanism
Sigmund Freud is known for being the first psychologist who developed the first comprehensive theory of personality. He tries to explain things that are difficult to understand. Freud is still a huge influence on psychology and society today. He was very controversial and some to this day don’t agree on what he had to say. Freud believed that one way his patients dealt with experiences was by using defense mechanisms.
One example of defense mechanisms that I can relate to my own life is sublimation. Sublimation for example is taking aggressive impulses and directing them into something else, such as sports. I feel that it is the best way to release your anger. Sometimes I feel one performs better. I know that I do. I go to the gym on a regular basis and one day my girlfriend and I got into a huge fight because she accused me of cheat
Sigmund Frued (From The Interpretation of Dreams)
It turns out that dreams may be worth interpreting after all. Freud’s basic insight that our mind preserve memories and emotions which are not always consciously available to us has transformed the way humanity views itself ever since. Freud said that there had been three great humiliations in human history: Galileo’s discovery that we were not the center of the universe, Darwin’s discovery that we were not the crown of creation, and his own discovery that we are not in control of our own mind. The tendency of modern people to trace their problems to childhood traumas or other repressed emotions begins with Freud. One of Freud’s more important discoveries was that emotions buried in the unconscious surface in disguised form during dreaming, and that the remembered fragments of dreams can help uncover the buried feelings. Whether the mechanism is exactly as Freud described it, many people subsequently derive with insights into themselves from studying their dreams, and most modern people consider dreams emotionally significant. Unlike our ancestors who often saw them either as divine premonition or as the bizarre side-effects of indigestion. Freud argued that drea
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Sigmund Freud (1856 - 1939)
Psychoanalytic Theory of Learning
Biography
Sigmund Freud was born May 6, 1856 at Freiberg, Moravia. His family settled in Vienna in 1860. He entered the University of Vienna to study medicine and graduated as an M.D. in 1881. He worked in the Vienna General Hospital until 1886 when he set up his private practice. He introduced hypnosis into his practice and treated patients with "nervous diseases". The first use of the term psychoanalysis was in 1896. In 1899 his book, "The Interpretation of Dreams" was published. This was his favorite among his many writings, and he referred to dreams as "the royal road to the unconscious". Subsequent work and writings dealt with sexuality, jokes and the unconscious, taboos and incest, and "Freudian slips". In 1906 Freud became friend and colleague of the Swiss adherent of psychoanalysis, Carl Gustav Jung. They traveled together to the USA in 1909 and delivered the first lectures on psychoanalysis in America. In 1923 Freud was diagnosed with cancer. He turned 80 years old in 1936, and in that year was honored by the Royal Society in Britain. In 1938, when the Nazis invaded Austria, Freud and his family managed to get exit visas and relocated to London, where he continued his clinical practice and writing. He died in London on September 23, 1939 from the cancer he had had for 16 years.
Theory
Freud is best known for his contributions in the field of therapy. His approach was dynamic and clinical rather than experimental. He was one of the earliest Westerners to recognize and work with unconscious processes. Psychoanalysis was an educational process in which unconscious conflicts are consciously confronted. Cognition was important in Freud's work, and insight into one's unconscious processes is vital in regulating one's own behavior.
Frued postulated a system of developmental psychology like Piaget did. His theory included the concept of dynamic tension between cognitive elements, as Lewin did.
Freud traced motivation to one's needs, as did Hull, Tolman, and others. His theory accounted for instinctual urges, which when satisfied, always lead to pleasurable feelings. The theory also included the concept of psychic energy, which he referred to as libido.
References:
Sahakian, 1976
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