نمایش مسیر سولوشن شارژ Glaxy S3 Charging با لینک مستقیم

اختصاصی از سورنا فایل نمایش مسیر سولوشن شارژ Glaxy S3 Charging با لینک مستقیم دانلود با لینک مستقیم و پر سرعت .

موضوع :

نمایش مسیر سولوشن شارژ Glaxy S3 Charging  با لینک مستقیم 

میتوانید فایل آموزشی این مدل گوشی را از طریق لینک مستقیم دانلود نمایید

اختصاصی از سورنا فایل Optimal site selection of electric vehicle charging station by using fuzzy TOPSIS based on sustainability perspective دانلود با لینک مستقیم و پر سرعت .

Optimal site selection of electric vehicle charging station by using fuzzy TOPSIS based on sustainability perspective

ژورنال: Applied Energy

سال:November 2015

قیمت اصلی:41.95$

Abstract

Selecting the most sustainable site plays an important role in the life cycle of electric vehicle charging station (EVCS), which needs to consider some conflicting criteria. Different from the previous studies which mostly utilize programming (optimization) models, this paper employed a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method to consider some subjective but important criteria for EVCS site selection. To reflect the ambiguity and vagueness due to the subjective judgments of decision makers, fuzzy TOPSIS method was applied to select the optimal EVCS site. Based on academic literatures, feasibility research reports and expert opinions in different fields, the evaluation index system for EVCS site selection was built from sustainability perspective, which consists of environmental, economic and social criteria associated with a total of 11 sub-criteria. Then, the criteria performances of different alternatives and criteria weights were judged by five groups of expert panels in the fields of environment, economy, society, electric power system and transportation system. Finally, the EVCS site alternatives were ranked by employing fuzzy TOPSIS method. The result shows EVCS site A2 located at Changping district in Beijing obtains the highest ranking score and should be selected as the optimal site. Meanwhile, the environmental and social criteria are paid more attentions from decision makers than economic criteria. The sensitivity analysis results indicate the alternative A2 always secures its top ranking no matter how sub-criteria weights change. It is effective and robust to apply fuzzy TOPSIS method into EVCS site selection. This paper provides a new research perspective for site selection and also extends the application domains of fuzzy TOPSIS method.

Abbreviations

• CO₂, carbon dioxide; 
• EVCS, electric vehicle charging station; 
• EV, electric vehicle;
• GHG, greenhouse gas; 
• MCDM, Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making; 
• TOPSIS, technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution; 
• NOx, nitrogen oxide; 
• SOx, sulfur oxides; 
• CO, carbon monoxide; 
• DC, direct current; 
• SoC, state of charge; 
• PEVs, plug-in electric vehicles; 
• PSO, particle swarm optimization; 
• CCSs, centralized charging stations; 
• G2V, grid-to-vehicle; 
• V2G, vehicle-to-grid; 
• V2V, vehicle-to-vehicle; 
• MILP,mixed integer linear programming; 
• MODM, multi-objective decision making; 
• GA,genetic algorithm; 
• TFN, triangular fuzzy number; 
• ICEV, internal combustion engine vehicle; 
• CH₄, methane; 
• PM₁₀, particulate matter with particle size below 10 μm; 
• PM_2.5,particulate matter with particle size below 2.5 μm; 
• CC, closeness coefficient; 
• AHP,analytical hierarchy process; 
• VIKOR, Vlšekriterijumsko KOmpromisno Rangiranje’ (multi-criteria optimization and compromise ranking); 
• ELECTRE, ELimination Et ChoixTraduisant la REalité (elimination and choice expressing reality)

Keywords

• Electric vehicle charging station (EVCS), Site selection, Fuzzy TOPSIS, Sustainability,
• Sensitivity analysis