Materials Selection for Refineries and Associated Facilities- Published by National Association of Corrosion Engineers

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178 صفحه pdf

Materials Selection for Refineries and Associated Facilities

R.A. White

E.F.EHMKE

Published by National Association of Corrosion Engineers

سرفصل مطالب این کتاب:

Chapter 1

Petroleum Refining Process Corrosion, Crude Fractionation Units and Utilities

Chapter 2

Fluid Coking and Cracking, delayed coking, Alkylation, Sulfur Plants and Sour Water Strippers

Chapter 3

Hydrodesulfurizers, Catalytic Reformers, Hydrocrackers and Fuel Gas

Chapter 4

Hydrogen, Methanol, Ammonia, Gas Treating, Hydrodealkylation, Polymerization, Phenol, and Solvent Treating

Chapter 5

Underground Piping, Production Equipment, and Tankage

اختصاصی از سورنا فایل Optimal site selection of electric vehicle charging station by using fuzzy TOPSIS based on sustainability perspective دانلود با لینک مستقیم و پر سرعت .

Optimal site selection of electric vehicle charging station by using fuzzy TOPSIS based on sustainability perspective

ژورنال: Applied Energy

سال:November 2015

قیمت اصلی:41.95$

Abstract

Selecting the most sustainable site plays an important role in the life cycle of electric vehicle charging station (EVCS), which needs to consider some conflicting criteria. Different from the previous studies which mostly utilize programming (optimization) models, this paper employed a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method to consider some subjective but important criteria for EVCS site selection. To reflect the ambiguity and vagueness due to the subjective judgments of decision makers, fuzzy TOPSIS method was applied to select the optimal EVCS site. Based on academic literatures, feasibility research reports and expert opinions in different fields, the evaluation index system for EVCS site selection was built from sustainability perspective, which consists of environmental, economic and social criteria associated with a total of 11 sub-criteria. Then, the criteria performances of different alternatives and criteria weights were judged by five groups of expert panels in the fields of environment, economy, society, electric power system and transportation system. Finally, the EVCS site alternatives were ranked by employing fuzzy TOPSIS method. The result shows EVCS site A2 located at Changping district in Beijing obtains the highest ranking score and should be selected as the optimal site. Meanwhile, the environmental and social criteria are paid more attentions from decision makers than economic criteria. The sensitivity analysis results indicate the alternative A2 always secures its top ranking no matter how sub-criteria weights change. It is effective and robust to apply fuzzy TOPSIS method into EVCS site selection. This paper provides a new research perspective for site selection and also extends the application domains of fuzzy TOPSIS method.

Abbreviations

• CO₂, carbon dioxide; 
• EVCS, electric vehicle charging station; 
• EV, electric vehicle;
• GHG, greenhouse gas; 
• MCDM, Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making; 
• TOPSIS, technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution; 
• NOx, nitrogen oxide; 
• SOx, sulfur oxides; 
• CO, carbon monoxide; 
• DC, direct current; 
• SoC, state of charge; 
• PEVs, plug-in electric vehicles; 
• PSO, particle swarm optimization; 
• CCSs, centralized charging stations; 
• G2V, grid-to-vehicle; 
• V2G, vehicle-to-grid; 
• V2V, vehicle-to-vehicle; 
• MILP,mixed integer linear programming; 
• MODM, multi-objective decision making; 
• GA,genetic algorithm; 
• TFN, triangular fuzzy number; 
• ICEV, internal combustion engine vehicle; 
• CH₄, methane; 
• PM₁₀, particulate matter with particle size below 10 μm; 
• PM_2.5,particulate matter with particle size below 2.5 μm; 
• CC, closeness coefficient; 
• AHP,analytical hierarchy process; 
• VIKOR, Vlšekriterijumsko KOmpromisno Rangiranje’ (multi-criteria optimization and compromise ranking); 
• ELECTRE, ELimination Et ChoixTraduisant la REalité (elimination and choice expressing reality)

Keywords

• Electric vehicle charging station (EVCS), Site selection, Fuzzy TOPSIS, Sustainability,
• Sensitivity analysis

valve selection handbook zappe

اختصاصی از سورنا فایل valve selection handbook zappe دانلود با لینک مستقیم و پر سرعت .

Valves are the components in a fluid flow or pressure system that regulate
either the flow or the pressure of the fluid. This duty may involve
stopping and starting flow, controlling flow rate, diverting flow, preventing
back flow, controlling pressure, or relieving pressure.
These duties are performed by adjusting the position of the closure
member in the valve. This may be done either manually or automatically.
Manual operation also includes the operation of the valve by means of a
manually controlled power operator. The valves discussed here are manually
operated valves for stopping and starting flow, controlling flow
rate, and diverting flow; and automatically operated valves for preventing
back flow and relieving pressure. The manually operated valves are
referred to as manual valves, while valves for the prevention of back
flow and the relief of pressure are referred to as check valves and pressure
relief valves, respectively.
Rupture discs are non-reclosing pressure-relieving devices which fulfill
a duty similar to pressure relief valves.